Quantum computing leverages properties of subatomic particles, such as superposition and quantum entanglement, to encode and manipulate data. For decades, it remained a theoretical concept, but recent research has started yielding significant results. In the next 5 - 15 years, the creation of a practically useful quantum computer is highly likely.

The advent of quantum computers is set to bring about remarkable advancements in various fields, including climate simulation, pharmaceutical research, and materials science. However, perhaps the most anticipated application lies in quantum cryptography. A quantum computer has the potential to break all existing encryption methods, while quantum encryption offers unassailable security.

Today, many of the technical hurdles in quantum computing are being overcome one by one. Although we may not see truly practical quantum computers until the 2040s, substantial investments from governments and industries signal that quantum computing has passed a crucial turning point.